3.1.2 ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ

ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠰᠢᠦᠯ,ᠵᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠬᠦᠪᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠣᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,,ᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠭ᠍ᠡᠢ᠃,ᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠭ᠍ᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠃,ᠡᠰᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠭ᠍ᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠭ᠍ᠡᠢ᠃,ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠰᠫᠥᠷᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ - ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ,ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌,ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ（ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ）,ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ,ᠯᠢᠩᠬᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ,ᠰᠫᠤᠷ,,ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ,?,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠫᠤᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠯᠭ᠍ᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠶ᠎᠎ᠠ,ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠸᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠯ,ᠲᠡᠪᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠪᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠨ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠂ ᠢᠤᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠃,⑴ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠣᠭᠡᠵᠣ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠣᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠣ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠣ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠠᠪᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠰᠥ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ,,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠌,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎᠎ᠠ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳ᠋ᠦᠰᠦ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ,ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ,ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ,⑵ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠣᠭᠡᠵᠣ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠥᠯᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠰᠥᠵᠣ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠣᠡᠠᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠰᠣ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯ ᠢᠣᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠵᠣ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭᠣᠯᠣᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠥᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠤᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠍ᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ᠎᠎ᠠ᠃,,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠭᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ,ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠨᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠥ᠋,ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ,,ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ,ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ ︕,1. ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠢᠯᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠢᠯᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,2. ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠌ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠢᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,3. ᠢᠥᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠷᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠡᠨ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠢᠥᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠦᠩᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠳᠣᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃,ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠡᠯᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃,ᠬᠤᠶᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ︵ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ︶,4. ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠱᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠳᠬᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠄,ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠴᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠫᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠣᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠣ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠬᠢᠷ ᠬᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠳᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃,5. ᠥᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠷᠡᠵᠢᠬᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠢ︖,,ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ,ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠳᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ,ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ,ᠲᠠᠨᠭᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ,ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ,ᠦᠠᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ,ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ,ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ,ᠦᠢᠯᠠᠳᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠬᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ,,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠳ᠋ᠦᠨᠭᠨᠡᠯᠳᠠ,ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ,ᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋,ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃,ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃,ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ,ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ - ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ,ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌,ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ（ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ）,ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠯᠣᠬᠠᠱᠧᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠠᠯᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡ᠄ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃,ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠳᠡᠰᠦ,ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠰᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠳᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡ᠄ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃,ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠳᠡᠰᠦ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠢᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠯ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠤᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠳ᠋ᠡᠭ᠌ ᠃,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ,,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠳᠡᠮᠦᠷᠰᠡᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ苏铁,ᠮᠦ᠋ᠩᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠤ银杏,ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠦᠬᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ水杉,ᠳᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠠᠢ红豆杉,ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠴᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ油松,ᠬᠠᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠴᠠ侧柏,ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ松树,ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠴᠥᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯ椰子,ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠷᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ水稻,ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ小麦,ᠪᠢᠩᠯᠠᠩ槟榔,ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠴᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ,ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠮᠤᠷ,ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠬᠡ木瓜,ᠮᠠᠨᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠌牡丹,ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠲᠣ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ,①ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠶ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠵᠢ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ,ᠪᠠᠭᠪᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ,ᠤᠳᠠ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ,,②ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ᠌ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠨ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠤᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠃,ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠭᠭᠤᠤ,③ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠂ ᠦᠩᠬᠡ᠂ ᠦᠨ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢᠳ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠳ᠋ᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ᠎᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠃,ᠢᠨᠭᠳᠤᠤᠷ,,ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠬᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠤ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳ᠋ᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠯᠳ᠋ᠤᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠷᠤᠯ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠭ᠃,,ᠳ᠋ᠦᠨᠭᠨᠡᠯᠳᠠ,ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,,ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠬᠦᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ,,,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ,ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ,