生物选择性必修一 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ

ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ,2, ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠭᠠᠯ ,1 ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ︖ 2 ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠷᠢᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 3 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ , ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ᠃ , ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠢᠯᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ᠃ ,4, ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠪ , ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ,,,,,, ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ︵ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ , ︵ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠡᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ , ︵ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ , ︵ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ , ︵ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ︶ , ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠄ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠ᠄ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,⑴ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠄ ᠲᠣᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠡᠪᠤᠳᠦᠭ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ 韧带,, ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ① ᠰᠢᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ② ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ︖ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠲᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠤ᠄ ⑴ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ⑵ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ① ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ ② ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ③ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ︵ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ︶ ④ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ⑤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ ,3,2,1,4,5, ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ , ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ , ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠬᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠬᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ , ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠬᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ︿ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ﹀ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ᠄ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ︵ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ᠄ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ︵ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠬᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ , ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠬᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ , ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ :, ᠮᠧᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠮᠧᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠤᠤ︖ , ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ,, ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ , ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ , ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ , ᠸᠧᠢ ᠡᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭᠯᠡᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠰᠬᠦ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠄ ︽ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠮᠤᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰᠯᠡᠵᠤᠬᠦᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠢᠨᠦ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠮᠤᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠰᠣᠨᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ , ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠁ , ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ , ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ , ᠰᠠᠮᠵᠠ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠤᠨᠤᠬᠤ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ , ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠳᠠ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ , ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ,, ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ , ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ , ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ , ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ,,1. ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ ,2. ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ,3. ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠪ ,4. ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ,5. ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ ,21, ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ , ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢ , ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ , ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠪ , ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ , ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ , ︵ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ , ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ,,,,,,,,,, ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠳ᠋᠊ ᠡ : ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ︵ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ︶ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,22, ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,,,, ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠳᠡᠩ ,, ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ , ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ , ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠷᠳᠡᠩ , ᠴᠢᠮᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤᠢ , ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠷᠳᠡᠩ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ,, ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ,, ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ︵ᠡᠰ︶ ,,23, ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠤ︖ , ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ , ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ , ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠪ , ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠳᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ , ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ 2 ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 1 ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠤᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ,24, ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡ᠊ ᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠤᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩᠨ᠋ᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠣ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,25, ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠤᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ : ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ + ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ │, ᠲᠠᠢᠪᠤᠩ :, ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠠ , ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ︵ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠫᠤᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ︶ :,, ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ,, ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠤᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ , ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ,,⒈ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ , ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠫᠤᠲ᠋ᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ : ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ │ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ +, ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ K+ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ K+ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ , ᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ Na+ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ Na+ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ,26, ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,⒉ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠥᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ , ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠯᠳᠡ ,,,, ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ᠄ ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ , ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ① ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ → ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ② ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ → ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ , ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠶᠤᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠵᠢᠯ᠃ ,,27, ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,, ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ,,⒈ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ , ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠷᠳᠡᠩ , ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠦ᠋ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦ᠋ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠤ ,28, ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ , ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠠᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠥᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠥᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠥᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠥ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ , ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ︵ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ︶ , ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠬᠢ ,,, ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠷᠲᠡᠩ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ , ᠬᠦᠷᠥᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠬᠦᠦ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠦ ︵ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠣᠭ︶ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ , ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ , ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠦ ,⒉ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠄ ,,,,,,,,,,,29, ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ , ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ , ᠲᠥᠪ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ , ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ , ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ , ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ,,,, ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ , ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ , ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ,,30, ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ , ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ , ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ᠄ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ , ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ᠄ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ , ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠪᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ᠄ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠤᠢ ,31, ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ,«︔ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠬᠤ »︔᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ,,32, ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ,⒈ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰ᠊ ᠦ᠊ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,«︔ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠬᠤ »︔᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ , ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠊ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷ᠊ ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠢᠮ᠊ ᠦ᠊ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ,⒉ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ 3 ᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,⒊ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ᠊ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ,33, ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ , ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠣᠢᠯᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬ᠊ ᠤ᠊ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭ᠊ ᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ,⒈ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠄ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ,W ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ︵ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︶ ,S ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ︵ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︶ ,H ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ︵ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠨ᠋ᠣᠰᠴᠤ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︶ ,V ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ︵ᠲᠣᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︶ ,34, ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ , ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠳᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ , ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠄ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ,⒉ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ,, ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠄ , ᠲᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ , ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ︵ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ︶ , ᠣᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ , ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ , ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ , ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ , ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠬᠤ , ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢ , ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬ᠊ ᠤ᠊ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,35, ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,⒈ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠆ ᠤᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,⒉ ᠤᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠆ ᠤᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ , ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ,36, ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ , ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ , ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ,⒈ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠄ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ᠄ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠲᠦᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠳᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ , ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠄ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ,⒉ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ,,