生物选择性必修一 ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠄ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠄ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ

ᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃,ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ,ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠩ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠰᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠯᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳ᠋ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠨᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠣ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠰᠦ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠯᠢᠮᠪᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠣᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ,①ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 770KPa︶ ②ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠴᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ᠯᠳ᠋ᠦᠴᠠ ︵ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ pH ᠨᠢ 7.35－7.45 ︶ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠳᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ③ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ︵37℃ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ︶,ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ᠌᠄ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠄ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠳ᠋ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ,3,« ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ»,ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠠᠰ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,4,« ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ»,ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ⒈ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠲᠠᠶ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠡᠢᠮᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠦᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠨᠣᠰᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,5,« ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ»,⒉ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ① ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠩᠭᠦᠶ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ; ② ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃,⒊ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,①天冬氨酸氨基转移酶偏低，表示肝功能指标偏低。多考虑是由营养不良造成的，但也可能是慢性乙型肝炎、肝硬化等原因引起的。 ②葡萄糖含量超标，血糖含量过高可并发酮症酸中毒、糖尿病的心血管合并症等。 ③甘油三脂超标，可引起高脂血症，易并发冠心病、动脉粥样硬化等。,6,«ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ»,⒊ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,① ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠢᠳ᠋ (肌酐) ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠳ᠋ᠷᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠮᠥᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ② ᠦᠵᠦᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠺᠸᠲ᠋ᠤᠨᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠩ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠴᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ③ ᠭᠯᠢᠽᠸᠷᠢᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠴᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠷᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠢᠲᠢᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠯᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,7,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠦᠩᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ,,,,,,,ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠩ pH 7.35－7.45,ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠮ,ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠮ,ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠮ,ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠮ,8,ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨPH ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠦᠰᠦᠬᠡᠳᠦᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ,9,ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨPH ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠳᠦᠰᠦᠬᠡᠳᠦᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ,ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠄ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ PH ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠬᠠᠳᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃,10,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠦᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠦᠩᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ,ᠲᠤᠭᠳ᠋ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠄ ᠭᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠴᠤᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳ᠋ᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠸᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ᠂ pH᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,11,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠ᠄ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠤᠭᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ?,ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠎ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠡᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃,12,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ: ᠮᠠᠳ᠋ᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠆ ᠪᠠᠶ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ - ᠢᠮᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠺᠠᠨᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ: ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠬᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃︵ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ︶ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠎ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,ᠪᠧᠷᠨᠠᠷᠳ᠋᠎ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ: ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠎ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,13,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,⒈ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠎ᠡᠴᠡ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ᠎ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ?,ᠬᠡᠪ᠎ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠡᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠢᠣᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ᠃,发热时机体处于一种分解代谢过旺的状态，持续高热必定引起器官功能负荷加重，有可能诱发器官功能不全或引起组织损伤。孕妇发热可能导致胎儿发育障碍，是一个重要的致畸因子。对于6个月至4岁的幼儿来说，持续高热容易发生惊厥，相当数量的患儿由此造成脑损伤，如智力落后，甚至癫痫，因此应注意及时采用物理方法或服用药物来退烧降温。,14,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,⒉ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠎ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠯᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ? ᠡᠨᠡ ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ?,ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,大量出汗或严重腹泻后，如果只喝水，不补充盐，内环境 会变小。这样内环境中的水将较多地通过 进入细胞内，造成细胞 ，进一步导致细胞 紊乱。严重时会出现疲倦、周身不适、表情淡漠、恶心、食欲减退、皮下组织肿胀等症状。,渗透作用,吸水肿胀,代谢和功能,渗透压,15,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,⒊ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠯᠣᠭᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠬᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠎ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ? ᠡᠨᠡ ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠎ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠎ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ?,ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭ᠂ O2 ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ᠎ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ O2 ᠲᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠎ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃,到高原后会出现头痛、乏力、心跳加快甚至血压升高等症状，这是因为,高原空气稀薄，氧分压低，易造成体内缺氧。,16,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠬᠠᠨᠢᠰᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ,ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠎ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ,ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ,ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ,ᠵᠢᠱ᠌ᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ① ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠩ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ② pH ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠱᠦᠯᠳᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ③ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ④ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ,ᠲᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃,17,ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠳ᠋ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ,ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ,ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠ,ᠡᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ,ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠ pH,ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠ O2 ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠠ,ᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠎ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ,ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ,,