ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠪ 3 ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠴᠡ 溶液中溶质的质量分数.pptx

, ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ 3,, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠳᠬᠡᠴᠠ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠥᠬᠦᠮ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠄ ,, ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ , ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ , ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ,, ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ , ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠦᠦ︖ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ︖ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠢᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠬᠡᠡ ᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠲᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠧᠷ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ /g, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ /g, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ /g, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ,10,10,10,0.1,0.5,2,10.1,10.5,12,1 %,4.8 %,16.7%, ᠠᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ,,,, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ,, ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ,=, ᠮᠠᠰ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ , ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ , × ,100%,, ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ,10g,,,10g+90g, × 100%,20g,20g+80g, × 100%,=20%,=10%,,∧, ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠳᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ , ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ 1, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 16% ᠡᠾᠯᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠳᠤ 150Kg ᠢᠮᠤᠷᠭᠦᠤ ᠠᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠡᠾᠯᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠳ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄ , ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠄ 150Kg ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 16% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠾᠯᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ 24Kg ᠡᠾᠯᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ 126Kg ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠰᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ,16 %, ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ᠄ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ,150K g, ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄ ,, ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ 2, ᠡᠲᠤᠬᠡ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 98% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠳᠬᠡᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠬᠡᠡ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠯᠡᠲᠡᠭ᠃ 50g ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤᠷᠡᠲᠤᠭᠰᠬᠤᠳᠬᠡᠡ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠵᠠᠲᠡᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠤᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ᠄ , ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠢ ⅹ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ,50g × 98% = ⅹ × 20%,ⅹ = 245g, ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠰᠳ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ,= 245g – 50g =195g, ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠄ 50g ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 98% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠳᠬᠡᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠤᠬᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ 195g ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠰᠡᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,X= 50 × 98% 20%, ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠄ ,,1. 15g ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ 85g ᠤᠰᠳ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠤᠰᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,2. 400g 20% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠤᠬᠡᠳ 10% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠰᠳ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ , ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠳᠬᠡᠴᠠ ,, ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ,,,, ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤᠠ ,, ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ , ᠬᠡᠷᠩᠯᠡᠯᠲᠠ , ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ , ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ , ᠦᠳᠬᠡᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠩᠬᠡᠬᠡᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ,,