ᠬᠢᠯᠤᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ .pdf

1 ︽ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣ ᠨ᠊᠄ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠳᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ : ᠠ ᠡᠭᠬ ᠎ᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠄ ᠮ᠊ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯ ᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ︽ᠬᠢᠯᠤᠪᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠤᠤ︾ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲ ᠠ᠄ 1᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ‍ᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠳᠤ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠯᠵᠢᠯᠳ ᠡ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠰ᠊ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯ ᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 2᠂ ᠤᠷ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠬᠡ ᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠳᠣᠮᠤᠭ ᠦᠯ ᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠰ ᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠳᠠᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠮ ᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠭᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯ ᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠨ ᠳᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠬᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰ ᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵ ᠢᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠯᠲ ᠠ᠄ ᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯ᠊ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ ᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ ᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣ ᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪ ᠦᠯ ᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠨᠢ ᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠪ ᠬᠥᠷᠦ ᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠴ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠢᠬ ᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠰ᠊ ᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠭᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠦᠯᠳ ᠡ᠄ ᠠᠩᠬ ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬ ᠣᠷ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠴᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠡᠳᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬ ᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊᠃ ᠲᠠᠳ ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠰᠢᠯ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠮ ᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠭᠯᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠵ᠊ ᠣᠭᠰ ᠣᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨ ᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠴ ᠡ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠯᠦᠭᠤᠳᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯ ᠠ ᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠲ ᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠯᠵᠢ ᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠡ ᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠰ᠊ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠢᠷᠳᠡ ᠯᠭᠡ᠄ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢ ᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠯ᠊ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠴᠠ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠬ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠄ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊᠂ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊᠂ ᠺᠣᠣᠷ ᠰᠸᠠᠢᠷ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠪ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴ ᠠ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠄ 1᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠵ ᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠤ︖ ︵2 ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠲ᠊︶ 2᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ᠃ ︵2 ᠮᠢ ᠨᠦᠲ︶ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳ ᠠ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ︵1 ᠮᠢ ᠨᠦᠲ︶ 2 ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠲᠤ ᠱ᠊ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠪᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠤ ᠩᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠄ 1᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠵᠢᠷᠤ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠴ ᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠵ ᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠷᠤ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠢ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 1᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠵ᠊ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠢ ᠨᠳᠦᠩ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠨ ᠠ᠋ ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠥ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ ᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ — ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠵ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶ ᠠᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠠᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳ ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠲᠦᠰᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵ ᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠡ ᠰ᠊ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤ ᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ — ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ — ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ — ᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ — ᠴᠢ ᠨᠳᠠᠮ ᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ — ᠳᠠᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ — ᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ — ᠴᠢ ᠨᠳᠠᠮ ᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠯ᠊ — ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ — ᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ — ᠪᠤᠶ ᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠷᠥᠬᠡ ᠯᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠠᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠤ ᠭᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠰᠬ ᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠶ ᠮᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ︽ᠬᠢᠯᠦᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠵ᠊ ᠤᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵ ᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠲ ᠠᠰᠤ 【 ᠮᠡᠳᠡ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠵ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤ ᠯᠪᠤᠭ ᠠᠰᠤ 】 1᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠢ ᠨᠳᠦ ᠩ᠊ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠥ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ ᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ — ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠵ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶ ᠠᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠠᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳ ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠲᠦᠰᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵ ᠠᠢ᠃ 【 ᠬᠤ ᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠬᠤ 】 ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤ ᠷᠵᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠤ — ᠰ᠊ ᠡᠪᠰᠡ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ — ᠮᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ — ᠳᠡᠩᠰᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ — 3 ᠬᠠᠢᠭ ᠤᠯ — ᠨᠢ ᠷᠸᠠᠨ — ᠪᠠᠳᠢ ᠷ᠊ ᠠᠶ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ — ᠲᠢ ᠳᠡᠮ — ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠡ ᠰ᠊ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠯ᠊ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠯ᠊ ᠢᠶ ᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠭ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ① ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤ ᠢ ᠪᠤ ᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠰ᠊ ᠬᠦᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠷ᠊ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠯᠦᠮᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠦᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ︵︶ ② ᠴᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭᠬᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠠ ᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠬ᠋᠊᠃ ︵︶ ③ ᠨᠣᠮᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠳᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠳ ᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠩ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡ ᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠬ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳ ᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ︵︶ ④ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠦᠮ ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠳ ᠠᠮᠦᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠰᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠭ ᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵ ᠠᠢ᠃ ︵︶ ⑤ ᠱᠠᠭᠵᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠷ ᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠢ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠬ ᠠᠷᠠᠨᠽᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠷ ᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ ᠠᠭ᠃ ︵︶ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠳ ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢᠷ ᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ ⑴ ᠲᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠬᠡ ᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠣ ᠣᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠪᠦᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ ᠢᠩᠬᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ⑵ ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠡ ᠳᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳ ᠦᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ 4 ⑶ ᠲᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠵ᠊ ᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠳ ᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠥ ᠬᠡᠯᠳ ᠤ ᠰᠦ ‍ᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠵ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠰᠦᠯᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ ᠤᠷ ᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯ ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ⑷ ︽ᠬᠢᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠰᠢᠶ ᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ ⑸ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠳ ᠠᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠷᠡᠯᠳ ᠡ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ ︽ᠬᠡᠰᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠪᠤ ᠭᠳᠠ ᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠳᠠ ᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ︾ ᠳᠣ ᠮᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠷ ᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠬ ᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡ ᠯᠭᠡ᠄ ① ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴ ᠡ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ② ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠ ᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠭ ᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ — ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯᠭ ᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ — ᠨᠣᠮᠤᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ — ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ — ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠄ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠷᠠᠯ