ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ .pdf

ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠳᠣᠯ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠡᠪᠳᠠ ᠷ᠊︶ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠯᠳᠠ 1᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲ᠊ ᠦᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡ ᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠦᠩ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠳᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤ ᠪᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 3᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠨ ᠣᠷ ᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳ ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳ ᠤ ᠦ ᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯ ᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠷᠳᠢᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢᠳ ᠠ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠦᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮ ᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡ ᠯᠳᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠢᠢᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠬᠠᠮ ᠰᠠᠷᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠢᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠬ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠯ ᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠯ ᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠯ᠊ ᠵᠦ ᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠷᠳᠢ ᠨᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠬ ᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳ ᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯ ᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ — 1. ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠠ ᠯᠪᠢᠷ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳ ᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠ ᠨ᠊᠃ 2. ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠩ᠂ ᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠥ ᠬᠡᠰᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠳᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲ᠊ ᠠᠢ᠃ ︵ᠬᠢᠴ ᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡ ᠵᠡᠢ᠃︶ ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠠ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ — ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠭᠤᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠ ᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠ ᠬ᠊ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠭᠤᠬ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠯ᠃ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠭᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ — ᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠃ ᠱᠤᠭ ᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ — ᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠭᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠮ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠵ ᠤ — ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠠ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠃ ᠲᠤᠷᠬᠢᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ — ᠳᠤᠩᠰ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡ ᠷᠡᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠪᠤᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ — ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊᠃ ᠰᠠᠷᠨ ᠢᠵᠤ — ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠵᠠ ᠰᠭᠢᠵᠤ — 1᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠮ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠳᠤᠷᠢᠰᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠃ 2᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠣᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠪᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠠᠭᠵᠢᠰᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠃ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠨ — ᠤᠢ ᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ 1᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠲ᠊ ᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤ ᠢ︖ ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠲᠦᠮ ᠠ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠰ ᠠ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠲᠦᠮ ᠠ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠ ᠢ᠃ 2᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠷᠢᠳᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠲᠠ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠬᠡᠨ 3᠂ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ ᠡ ᠪᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠤᠬᠤᠨ ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠡ ᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ 4᠂ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬ᠊ ᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬ᠊ ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠤᠮ ᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠲ᠊ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠪᠡ︖ ᠳᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠰ᠊᠄ ︽ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠶᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ︾ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠭᠡ᠄ ︽ᠡᠪᠤ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠭᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ︾ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠤᠠ᠋᠄ ︽ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠱᠤᠭ ᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ︾ ᠡᠪᠤ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠯᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠡ ᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠠ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠵ ᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 4᠂ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠳ ᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋᠊ ᠤᠠ᠋ ᠬᠠᠰᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠬᠤᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠴᠢ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠯ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠵᠤᠵᠠ ᠭᠠᠨ᠃ ᠲ᠊ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠲ᠊ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠳᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠲᠦᠮ ᠠ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠬ᠊ ᠤᠰᠠᠷ ᠬ᠊ ᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠲ᠊ ᠠᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠠ ᠢ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠬ ᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠭ ᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲ᠊ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠯ ᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠵᠠ ᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠ ᠷ᠊᠂ ᠲ᠊ ᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠯᠢᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲ᠊ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠬ ᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠳ ᠤᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠷ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃