ᠲᠣᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ （ᠨᠢᠭᠡ） .pdf

ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ 1᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠮ᠊ ᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢ ᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠮ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵ ᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠨ᠊ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤ ‍ᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3᠂ ᠦᠨ ᠠ ᠶᠣ ᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠤᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤ᠊᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠤ — ᠬᠣ ᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠤ᠋ ᠰᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠢ ᠯ᠊ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠳ ᠨᠠᠮ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ᠂ 1938 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠵ᠊ ᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵ ᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤ ᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ︽ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤ ᠭᠤ︾ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡ ᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠢ ᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤ ᠭᠴᠢ᠃ 1960 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴ ᠠ ᠦᠪᠤ ᠷ᠊ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵ ᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯ ᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠢ ᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤ ᠭᠴᠢ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1998 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷ ᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ︽ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ︾ ︽ᠲᠣ ᠰᠤ︾ — ᠦᠨᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ︽ᠤᠰᠤ︾ — ᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ‍ᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠵ ᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1᠂ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠬ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊ — ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ᠃ 2᠂ ᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠳᠡ ᠩᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠢᠬ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ — ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠤ ᠱᠣᠣᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ᠃ 3᠂ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ᠂᠂᠂᠂ ︽ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠳᠡᠭ — ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠥᠭᠡ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠳᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊᠃ 4᠂ ᠢᠩ ᠭᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊᠂᠂᠂᠂ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠳ ᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠳ ᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠵᠤ — ᠦᠨ ᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠳ ᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ᠃ 5᠂ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠠ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠠᠬᠤ — ᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡ ᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ᠃ 6᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠢᠬᠤ — ᠬᠢᠭᠰ ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠢᠯ ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠰ ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ᠃ ᠲᠤᠤᠵᠤ ᠱᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ ‍ᠮ᠎ᠡ — ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠ ᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠠᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠶᠠᠷ ᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮ᠊ ᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥ ᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ — ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳ ᠠᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭ ᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠣᠭᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡ ᠷᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠶᠣ ᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠬᠦ ᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴ ᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠄ 1᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠠᠢᠴ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 2᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠬᠢᠭᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 3᠂ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠤᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 4᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠮ᠊ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ — ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠳ ᠦᠬᠡᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ — ᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴ ᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠ ᠲᠧᠷᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠯᠡᠯ ᠮ᠊ ᠥᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠣᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠦ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠤᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭ ᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠳᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠢ ‍ᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠷ ᠰᠠᠴᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠴ ᠢᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ — ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠶᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ︵ᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃︶ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠦ ᠨ᠊᠄ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠡᠭ ᠴᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠡ ᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦ ‍ᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠠᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠷᠪᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ᠃ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ — ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠮᠳᠠ — ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ᠄ 1᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠴᠠᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠠ ᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠮ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ 2᠂ 3᠂ 4᠂ 5᠂ ᠶᠣ ᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠮᠳᠠ᠄ 1᠂ 2᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ 1᠂ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ — ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠥᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠤᠷᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠦ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠬ ᠤ᠂ ᠵᠦᠢᠷ ᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶ ᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠩᠭ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠦ ᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 2᠂ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ — ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠦ ᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠰᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠢ ᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠴ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨ᠊ ᠢᠴᠤᠭ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠠ ᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠨᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠤᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠠ ᠪᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠳᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣ ᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠦᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢ ‍ᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠮᠵᠢᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠣ ᠰᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠨᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠲ᠊ ᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠤᠰ ᠲ᠊ ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠴ ᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠ 1᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠯ᠊ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠳᠤᠰᠬ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ 2᠂ ᠬᠥᠳ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠮᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠬᠥᠳ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠴ ᠤᠷᠤᠩᠭ ᠤᠢ ᠵᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠹᠸᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡ ᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂᠂᠂᠂︾ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠭᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ 3᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠴᠠ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ︽ᠳᠡᠩᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠮ᠊ ᠣᠩᠭ ᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠣᠣᠯᠠ ᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ 4᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢ ᠮ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠵ᠊ ᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ︽ᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ 5᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠴ᠊ ᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠤᠴ ᠢᠷ ᠡᠴ ᠡ ᠵᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠶ᠊ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠯ ︽ᠤᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠡᠴ ᠡ ᠡᠳᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠣᠵᠢ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠠ ᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠩᠬ ᠤᠤ᠂᠂᠂᠂︾ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠰᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢ ᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢ ᠮᠳᠠ 1᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠶ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠯ ᠡᠯᠴᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠡᠴ ᠡ ᠠᠶᠤ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ 2᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠠ ᠯᠢᠭ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠣᠨᠴ ᠠᠯᠢᠭ 1᠂ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠣᠳᠤᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠬᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ ᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠬᠡᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 2᠂ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠢᠳ ᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬ᠋᠊ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ︽ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠭᠡᠵ ᠢ᠃