ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ .pptx

ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠳ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠡᠭᠸᠠᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠶᠠᠡᠭᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ,1᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ 2᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠦᠦᠷᠨᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠵᠠᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠠᠨᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ,ᠳ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠡᠭᠸᠠᠡᠭᠵᠢᠯ︱ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠃,《ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠭ︾,ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠪ᠊᠂ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠰ ᠬᠡᠢᠰᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠬᠢᠷᠡᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠣᠯᠬᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠰᠡᠪᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠳᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠠ ᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠃,ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢ,ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ,ᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ,ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤ︱ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ︱ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠳ︱ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠡᠭ︱ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ︱ ᠱᠠᠷ︱ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ︱ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠠᠨ︱ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠷ︱ ᠡᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢ︱ ᠲᠤᠰᠢ︵dɔʃ)︱ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠥᠮᠦᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ︱ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ︱ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠬᠡᠨ ︱ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢᠪᠢᠵᠦ ︱ ᠨᠥᠷᠢᠯᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ︱ ᠲᠤᠨᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︱,ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤ᠃,ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,,ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠥᠭ ᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠳ,ᠲᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ,ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠯ（ɔrɔg） ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮ（ʊrag） ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ （ɔrɔg）,ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ,ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠥᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ᠃,ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ,ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠷ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ,ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦ,ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ᠌ ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ,ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ,ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠶᠦᠵᠤ,ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠤᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ,ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ,ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ,ᠤᠨᠢᠶᠠᠷᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ,ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ,ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ,,ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠥᠡᠭᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠷ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ︽ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ︾ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠤᠭᠠᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠡᠭᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃,,ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠡᠭᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠡᠭᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ︽ ᠪᠢ︾ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠤᠯ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠠᠪᠤ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ︽ᠪᠢ︾ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠨᠢᠭᠰᠢᠯ︱︽ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ︾ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠡᠭᠭᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃,ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠥᠷᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠭᠭᠢᠶᠡᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠥᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃,ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠵᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ,ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠠᠡᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠷ ︱,ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ︱,ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠣᠣᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠠᠡᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢ,ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋︽ᠭᠡᠦᠭᠡᠳ︾ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠡᠭᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃,ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ,ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠡᠭᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ᠃,ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠢ ᠣᠭᠳᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠤᠮᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠡᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨᠳᠡ ᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠷᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠢᠡᠭᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠢᠡᠭᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠠ᠃ ᠰ᠂ ᠫᠦᠷᠪᠤ︽ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ︾,ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢ,ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡ᠃,ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠡᠭᠨᠭᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠮᠢᠡᠭᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠡᠭᠭᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠰᠴᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠢᠳᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠮᠸ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ᠂ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠴᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠤᠭ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠡᠭᠭᠢᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠡ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠢᠡᠭᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠮ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭ ᠥᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠮᠸ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠯᠠ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠨᠤᠭᠰᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤ᠊᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯᠳᠤ︽ ᠡᠮᠸ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ︾,ᠨᠠᠬᠦᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ︵500 ᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ ︱ 1 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ︶ ᠬᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ︵1 ︱ 2.5 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ︶ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︵20 ︱ 50 ᠮᠸᠲ᠋ᠷ︶ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ︵40 ︱ 45 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ︶ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︵90 ︱ 100 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ︶ ᠬᠣᠨᠤᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ︵120 ︱ 130 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ︶,1᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠡᠵᠢ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ? ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ? 2᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠡᠭᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠨᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ? 3. ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ? 4᠂ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠵᠠᠡᠭ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ ?,ᠲᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ,ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃,ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃,ᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠣᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂᠁,