3.2 ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ .pptx

ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ , ᠭᠤᠤ᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠵᠠᠪ ,lixiulan,1. ᠲᠣᠰ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠣᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 2. ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3. ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ , ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨᠲᠠ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ 1. ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ «︔ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠦᠭ ᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ »︔ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ 2. ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ , ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠠᠯ᠄ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ᠄ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭ᠊᠊ᠤ᠋᠂ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠵᠠᠪ — ︵1939 —︶ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠃ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠃ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠄ ︽ᠲᠠ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠦ︾ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ︾ ︵ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ︶ ︽ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠣᠮᠣᠷᠯᠢᠭ︾ ︵ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ︶ , ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠯᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠾᠤ᠋ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠪᠦᠸᠧ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠭᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ 108 ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ︽ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠬᠦᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨ᠊ᠠ᠊᠂ ᠰᠠᠢᠨᠴᠤᠭᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ︽ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ︾ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠬᠦᠤ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ︽ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠳᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠰᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠳᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠩ ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠰᠭᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠨᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ 1256 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠯᠢᠦ ᠪᠢᠩ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1259 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠨ ︽ᠺᠠᠢ ᠫᠤᠩ ᠹᠦ᠋︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠢ᠃ 1260 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1263 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1358 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1369 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠢᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠡᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠲᠤ «︔ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ »︔ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠦᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ «︔ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ »︔ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠪᠬᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠳᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡ ᠵᠢᠪᠬᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ — ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ — ᠣᠯᠣᠮ — ᠣᠨᠣᠴᠠ — ᠬᠥᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠣᠯᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠣᠨᠣᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠬᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠢᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠨᠥᠮᠥᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ — ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭ — ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ — , ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠃ , ᠭᠠᠲᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠃ , ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠃ , ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ , ᠬᠤᠢᠯᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠢᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠃ , ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠦ᠋ᠵᠤ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ — ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ — ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ — ᠵᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ — ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ — ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ — ᠠᠶᠤᠤᠯᠢᠬᠠᠢ — ᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦᠭᠡᠳ — ᠲᠣᠯᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ — ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ — ᠵᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭ᠎ᠠ — ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ |, ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠯᠵᠢ᠃ , ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠭ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ᠃ , ᠵᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ᠃ , ᠲᠡᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠃ , ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠤᠪᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ᠃ , ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ᠃ , ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠃ , ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠢᠬᠤ ︵ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠯᠵᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ︶᠃ , ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ᠃ ,, ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ,, ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ᠂ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠣᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠣᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠲᠦ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠦᠷᠨᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠡᠷᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠢᠶᠡᠮᠦᠷᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠨ ᠣᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠦᠷᠨᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ «︔ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ »︔ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠮᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠄ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠢ︖ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠵᠣ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠷᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠃ , ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠣᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠦᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠣ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠨᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠢᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠨᠳᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠥᠨᠴᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠥᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠯᠡ᠃ 1. ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠦᠢᠳ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠵᠠᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠮᠰᠢᠭᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠁ 2. ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠦ᠋ᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠵᠢᠩᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ︾ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ᠃ 3. ᠤᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠦ ᠵᠢᠬᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠷᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠱᠠᠩᠳᠦ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠨᠵᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠯᠡ᠃ 1. ᠱᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨᠴᠦᠳ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥ᠋᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠁ 2. ᠬᠥᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠮᠳᠦᠭ ᠳᠥᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠷ ᠲᠣᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠭ᠂ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠳᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠦᠷᠨᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠡᠩᠬᠦᠷᠡᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠨᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠷ ᠁ ᠁︶ 3. ᠥᠯᠥᠰᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ 4. ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠳᠡᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠲᠥᠬᠡᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ , ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ , ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ , ᠬᠤᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ , ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ , ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ᠃ ,