ᠬᠢᠮᠢ — — ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ 5.2.1.pptx

,,,,,,,, ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷ , ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ , ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ , ᠤᠷᠣᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ,,,,,,,, ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠲᠠᠢ ,, ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ,,,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ,01, ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ , ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ,02,,,, ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ,,,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ,01, ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ , ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠮᠤᠯᠤᠺᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ,, ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ , ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥ ᠰᠢᠷᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ , ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ,, ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠡᠯᠤᠮᠤᠨᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ,,, ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠡᠯᠤᠮᠤᠨᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ , ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ , ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠮᠤᠯᠤᠺᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ , ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ‍ᠠ᠋ ，᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠃ ,,,,,,,, ᠡᠯᠸᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠡᠯᠸᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠡᠯᠸᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲ ᠡᠯᠸᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶ ᠡ᠂ VA ᠪᠥᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠠᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠠᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ,,,,90,,,,,,, ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ,,,,,,,,-3,0,+1,+2,+3,+4,+5,,,,,90,,,,,,, ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ,,,,,,,,-3,0,+1,+2,+3,+4,+5,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠠᠲᠥᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠳ᠋ᠷᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠲᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ,,,,,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ,,,N2,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠮᠤᠯᠤᠺᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠠᠲᠤᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠺᠤᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨᠲ ᠭᠤᠷᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠩᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠠᠤᠷᠭᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠩ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ,,,,,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ,,,N2,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠮᠤᠯᠤᠺᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠠᠲᠤᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠺᠤᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨᠲ ᠭᠤᠷᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠩᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠣᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠠᠤᠷᠭᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠩ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ,,, ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠤᠷ ᠠ᠂ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠨᠢ᠂ ᠣᠰᠣᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ ᠠ᠃ ,,, ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯ , ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ , ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ , ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ , ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ,,, ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ , ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ , ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ,NNNN, ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ , ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ , ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠤᠷᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ︵N2＋O2 ==== 2NO︶ , ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠪᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳᠰᠢᠪᠲᠣᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ︶ , ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠠᠵᠣ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ , ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︵ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ︶ ,,,,,,,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ , ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ,, ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠤᠷᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ︵N2＋O2 ==== 2NO︶ , ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︵ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠲᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ︶ ,,,, ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ , ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ︵ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠲᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ︶ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ,, ᠭᠦ᠋ᠷᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠮᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠺᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠳ᠋ᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠷᠳᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠨᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1918 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠪᠧᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠪᠡ᠃ , ︹ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ︺ ,, ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠨᠵᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯᠬᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠬ ᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ᠃ , ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ,,,,,,,,,,, ︹ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ︺ ,, ᠰᠢᠪᠲᠣᠷ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠣᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯ ,N2+3H2 2NH3, ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠴᠠ , ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ,, ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ,,,,, ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ , ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ,02,,,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠡᠯᠤᠮᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮᠡᠭ ,NO,N2O3,NO2,N2O4,N2O5,N2O, ︵ᠢᠨᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠢ︶ ,,,,, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠡᠯᠤᠮᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠯᠤᠨ᠋ᠲ ,+1,, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮᠡᠭ ,NO,N2O3,NO2,N2O4,N2O5,N2O,+2,+3,+4,+4,+5, ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠬᠢᠷᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ︵ᠢᠨᠢᠶᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠢ︶ ,,,,,,,,, ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠯᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ 17 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠽᠣᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠦᠨᠦᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠯᠠ᠃ ,,,,,,NOx ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ NO2 ᠤᠽᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠽᠥᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ , ︹ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ 5 – 5︺ NO ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ 50 mL ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠲᠣᠷ ᠠ 20 mL NO ᠢ ᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠤᠤᠫᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠣᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠳᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 10mL ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,,,, ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ , ︹ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ 5 – 5︺ NO2 ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ 50 mL ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠲᠣᠷ ᠠ 20 mL NO ᠢ ᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠤᠤᠫᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠣᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠳᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 10mL ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,2NO＋O2 == 2NO2,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,,,, ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ , ︹ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ 5 – 5︺ NO2 ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ 50 mL ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠲᠣᠷ ᠠ 20 mL NO ᠢ ᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠤᠤᠫᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠣᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠳᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 10mL ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,2NO＋O2 == 2NO2,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,+2,+4,+4,+2,+4, ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,,,, ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠴᠠ , ︹ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ 5 – 5︺ NO2 ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ , ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ , ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ 50 mL ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠲᠣᠷ ᠠ 20 mL NO ᠢ ᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠤᠤᠫᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠲᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠣᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠳᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 10mL ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠭᠰᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ , ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,, ᠳᠥᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ ,NO ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠰᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ O2 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ NO2 ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ NO2 ᠣᠰᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠵᠣ NO ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,, ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ ,, ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ ,, ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ ,, ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ ,, ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,2NO＋O2 == 2NO2,,,＋O2,＋ H2O,,, ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ NO ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ NO ᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ︹ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ︺ ,, ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠣᠷᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ,,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,2NO＋O2 == 2NO2,,,＋O2,＋ H2O,,,,,NNNN, ᠠᠽᠤᠲ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠬᠡᠢ , ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠣᠷ ᠠ O2᠂ Mg᠂ H2 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠲᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠢᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠯᠣᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠣᠷ ᠠ᠃ , ᠤᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ , ᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ ᠲᠤ᠃ , ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ , ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮᠡᠭ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ , ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠃ , ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ O2 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠢᠰᠦᠯ , ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠰᠡᠲᠦᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠡ᠃ , ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠣᠰᠣ᠂ ᠱᠥᠯᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,,,,,,,,,A,,N2 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ︵︶ ,N2 ᠨᠢ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,,,B,D,C, ᠠᠶᠣᠩᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠪᠤᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ N2 ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ O2 ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ NO ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ N2 ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠽᠤᠳ᠋ᠲᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,1mol N2 ᠨᠢ 3mol H2 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ 2mol NH3 ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,,,,,A,, ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ,N2 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ︵︶ ,N2 ᠨᠢ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,,,B,D,C, ᠠᠶᠣᠩᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠪᠤᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ N2 ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ O2 ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ NO ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ N2 ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠽᠤᠳ᠋ᠲᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,1mol N2 ᠨᠢ 3mol H2 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ 2mol NH3 ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,,,,,A,, ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ,N2 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ︵︶ ,N2 ᠨᠢ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,,,,B,D,C, ᠠᠶᠣᠩᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠪᠤᠷᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ N2 ᠪᠤᠯᠣᠨ O2 ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ NO ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ N2 ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠽᠤᠳ᠋ᠲᠣ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ,1mol N2 ᠨᠢ 3mol H2 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ 2mol NH3 ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,3NO2+H2O == 2HNO3+NO,D,