ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ .pdf

1 ︽ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶ ᠸ᠊ ᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠣᠨ᠄ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠳᠤᠬᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ : ᠠᠡ ᠭᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ ︵ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ︶ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠯ᠊᠄ ᠮᠤᠩᠭ ᠤᠯ ᠬᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠄ ︽ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶ ᠸ᠊ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ︾ ᠬᠣ ᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲ ᠠ᠄ ⒈ ᠲᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠢᠷ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ᠂ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴ ᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠰᠥᠰ ᠦ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬ ᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠤᠩᠭ ᠤᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠰ᠊ ᠠᠨᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬ ᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ⒉ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢ ᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡ ᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠭᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠷ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠤᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ 4᠂ ᠦᠯ ᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠳᠠ ᠬ᠊ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠭᠴ ᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠡ ᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠯᠲᠠᠯ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷ ᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬ ᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠯ᠊ ᠪᠤ ᠷᠤᠭᠵᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠰ᠊ ᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠ ‍ᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠡᠵ ᠡᠮᠰᠢ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡ᠄ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢ ᠭᠳᠠ ᠯ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡ ᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠯᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠡ ᠲᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠷᠰᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠢ᠄ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴ ᠢᠭ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠦᠪ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠲᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠄ ᠲᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠢ ︽ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠳᠠᠳ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠠᠴᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠴ᠊ ᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠳᠤᠬᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠵᠠ ᠮ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡ ᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭ ᠤᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ᠄ 1934 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠰ᠊ ᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠮᠳ ᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠮᠢ ᠨᠳᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠰᠯᠡ ᠬᠦᠴᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ︽ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠠ ᠤᠰᠡᠳᠬᠠ ᠯᠳᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵ ᠠᠢ᠃ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠩᠱᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠳ ᠠᠢ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠯᠤ ᠤ ᠱ᠊ ᠠᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠠ ᠵ᠊ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤ ᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠮ ᠡ ᠳᠠᠪᠦᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠢ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠠ᠂ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠩ᠊ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠣ ᠯ᠊ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠳ ᠠ 11 ᠮᠤᠵ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 19 36 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷ ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠠᠶ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠢᠢ ᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠢᠳᠪᠦ ᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲ᠊ ᠢᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠢ ᠲᠪᠦ ᠷᠢᠯᠡ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠣᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠩᠬᠡ ᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠮᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠤᠩ ᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠵᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠢ ᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠢ ᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠳ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠴᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠳᠠᠰᠬ ᠠᠯ 1 ᠨᠠᠢᠮ ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱ᠊ ᠠᠨ ᠵ᠊ ᠢᠶᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ⒈ ᠰᠲ᠋ᠢ ᠯᠢ᠄ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠯ ᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠣ ᠣᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠷᠨᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ⒉ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠯᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠩ᠊ ᠢ ︵190 6 — 1996︶ ᠵᠢᠶ ᠠᠩᠰᠤ ᠮᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ︽ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠡᠯ ᠦ ᠨ᠊ ᠠ ᠵᠢᠯᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ 【 ᠬᠤ ᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳ ᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ 】 2 ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠡ ᠬ᠊ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠤ ᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ※ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ︵ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳ ‍ᠬ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠲᠣᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠬ ᠤ — ᠬᠥᠬᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ — ᠲᠤ ᠳᠡᠭ — ᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠴᠤ ᠬ᠊ — ᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠤᠯ — ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬ᠊ ᠤᠷᠢᠶ ᠠᠩᠭᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠯ ︽ᠯᠤᠤ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶ ᠸ᠊ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ︾ ᠴᠠ ᠬ᠊ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠳ ᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠢ ᠦᠳ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠦᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠰ᠊ ᠰᠥᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠦᠦᠷ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠦᠳ ᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠬ᠊ ᠣᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬ᠊ ᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠦ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠢᠯᠡ 3 ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠳ ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢᠷ ᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ ⒈ ᠲᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠵ᠊ ᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠢ ᠷ᠊ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠ ‍ᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠦᠩᠬᠡ ᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤ ᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠤᠬᠦ ᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠠᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠵᠦ ᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠰ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ᠃ 2᠂ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷ ᠢᠭ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠢᠷ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠡ︖ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠭ ① ᠪᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠷ᠊ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠴ᠊ ᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠮ ᠡ ᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠳᠠ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠲᠠ ᠭᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠰ᠊ ᠥᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰ ᠤᠩᠭ ᠤᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠰᠠ ᠨᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠎ᠠ᠃ ② ᠣᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠦᠯ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠠᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣ ᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠰ ᠳᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠵ ᠠᠢ᠃ ③ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡ ᠬᠦ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠭᠦᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶ ᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠬᠦᠮ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠢ ᠬ᠊ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡ ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡ ᠯᠳᠡ ᠬᠢᠵ ᠢ᠃ ④ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣ ᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋᠊ ᠳᠠᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣ ᠯ᠊ ᠤᠳ ‍ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯ ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖