1.2.1 ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ 有理数.pptx
ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ （ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ）,ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ,1.2.1 ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ,ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠄ 1. ᠰᠥᠭᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ 2.ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠤᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃,ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 15℃ , ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ −12℃ , ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 0℃ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ,1 , 2 , 3 ,+4 , … ;,ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠷᠬᠦ,-1 , -2 , -3 ,… ;,ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ,1 2 , 2 3 , 15 7 , 0.1 , 5.32 ,…;,ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠷᠬᠦ,-0.5 ,− 5 2 , − 2 3 ,− 1 7 , −150.25 ,…;,ᠲᠡᠭ,0,,ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ,,ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ,,ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ,3. ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠡᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠄,1. ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,2. ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖,,,,1.ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠄,,,2. ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠄,,,,1. ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠤᠤ ︖,(1) 0 ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖,(2) -5 ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ ︖,(3) ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ᠤ ︖ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ᠋ᠤ ︖ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠤ︖,ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠄,15 , − 1 9 , −5 , 2 15 , − 13 8 , 0.1 , −5.32 , −80 ,123 , 2.333,ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠄,ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠄,,,2. ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠯᠠ᠄,15 , − 1 9 , −5 , 2 15 , − 13 8 , 0.1 , −5.32 , −80 ,123 , 2.333,ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠄,ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠄,,,3.ᠲᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ︵ ︶,A. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠃,B. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠃,C. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃,D. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠥᠭᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠃,D,4. ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠ᠄,1. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠃( ),2. ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠃( ),3. 0 ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ᠃( ),4. ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ᠃( ),√,√,×,×,ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠄,ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ 𝑎 ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠤᠤ ︖,ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄,1. ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ,2. ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ,ᠲᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ᠄ 16 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠪ,
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