第一课 《天上的街市》 .pptx

ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠬᠦᠸᠸ ᠮᠦᠸᠸ ᠿᠦᠸᠧ,ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠳᠡᠨᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ,1᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠢᠵᠠᠮ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠃ 3᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ,ᠬᠦᠸᠸ ᠮᠦᠸᠸ ᠿᠦᠸᠧ︱︵1892︱1978︶ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠨ᠃ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠩᠵᠸᠤ᠃ ᠰᠸᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠸᠢ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ︽ᠳᠠᠭᠢᠨᠢ︾ ︽ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ︾ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠴᠦᠭᠡ︽ᠴᠢᠦᠢ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ︾ ︽ᠪᠠᠷᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠣᠰᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ︾ ︽ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ︾,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ︽ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ︾ ᠵᠢ1921 ᠣᠨ ᠤ10 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠸ ᠮᠦᠸᠸ ᠿᠦᠸᠧ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃︽ ᠤᠳᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ︾ ᠳᠡᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ︽5.4︾ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠢᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ︽ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ︾ ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠂︽ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡᠨ︾ ᠤ︽ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ︾ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠥᠬᠡᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢ᠍ᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢ︽ ᠤᠳᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ︽ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ︾ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ,1᠂ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠩ ᠠᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯᠵᠡᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠦᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠩ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ︱ 2᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠣᠶᠤᠮᠰᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠽᠠᠮᠪᠤᠲᠢᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ︱ ᠽᠠᠮᠪᠤᠲᠢᠪ ︱,ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ,ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠡᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠃,ᠪᠦᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢ᠍ᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ᠃,ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠪ ᠬᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠭᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︕ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ︱ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠳᠡᠨᠤᠰ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠯᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠤᠤ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ︱,ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠃,ᠤᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ᠌ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠷᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ︱ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ︱ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ,1᠂ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠩ ᠠᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯᠵᠡᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠤᠳ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠦᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠩ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ᠃ 2᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠣᠶᠤᠮᠰᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠽᠠᠮᠪᠤᠲᠢᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠥᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ᠃ 3᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠪ ᠬᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠡᠭᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︕ 4᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠮᠥᠴᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠠ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠳᠡᠨᠤᠰ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠯᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠤᠤ᠃,ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠩ ︵ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠳᠠ︶ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠤ,ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ︵ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ︶,ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬ᠎ᠠ︵ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ︶,,,ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ᠄,,ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ,ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠨᠢᠳᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠢᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ᠵᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠥᠬᠡᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠢ᠍ᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭ ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃,ᠭᠣᠶᠤᠮᠰᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠠᠢ᠃,,ᠰᠢᠳᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ,ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ,ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠨᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠷᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠯᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠤᠨᠢᠭᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃,ᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ᠄ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠡᠷ᠄ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠶᠢ᠍ᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠥᠬᠡᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃,,,,,ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠣᠶᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠢ᠍ᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠵᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠥᠬᠡᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃,1᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 2᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 3᠂︽ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 4᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠳᠠᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠯ,