学案4. 13 ᠲᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ .docx

ᠳᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠲ ᠠᠰᠤ • ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ᠄ ᠲᠥᠰᠦ ᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠄ ᠰᠤᠷᠬ ᠤ ᠬ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ 1.ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮ ᠢᠳᠤ ᠷᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠯᠢᠭ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠭᠠ ᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠰᠢ ᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠳ ᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠷ ᠶᠣᠰ ᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ 2.ᠵ ᠣᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠂ ᠤ ᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠦ ᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠴᠣ ᠭᠴᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴ ᠠ ᠶ ᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡ ᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ 3.ᠣ ᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠤ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠵᠣ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠴ ᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠲ ᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠭᠡᠷ ︱ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠷ ᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠵᠢ ᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢ ᠃ ᠰᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠤ ᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠬᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦ ᠨᠤᠳᠤ ᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠯ ᠪᠦ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠄ ︽ ᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠷ ᠤᠭᠠᠨ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ︾᠂ ︽ᠨᠠᠪᠴ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠭᠰ ᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠮᠡ ᠭᠡ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠭ᠎ᠠ 20 09 ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ︽ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤ ᠷ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠬᠦ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠ ᠨ ︾ ᠨᠠᠢᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠤ ᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠢ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠣ ᠩᠭᠤ ᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ︽ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠭ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯ ᠬᠥ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠨᠠᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠ ᠷ ᠬᠥ ᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰ ᠡᠨ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠣ ᠩᠭᠤ ᠯ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠱᠤ ᠤᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠭ ᠤᠬᠤ ᠮᠣ ᠳᠤᠳ ︾᠂ ︽ ᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠣ ᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤ ᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ ᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠥ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡ •ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ︱ ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠷ ᠨᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠭᠵ ᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠃ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠤ ᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣ ᠩᠭᠤ ᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠣᠷᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠤ ᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠃ •ᠰᠢ ᠯᠤᠭᠤ ᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ︱ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ •ᠲᠣ ᠩᠭᠤ ᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ︱ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠰᠦ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠨᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠤᠯᠡ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠬᠤᠯᠡ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠦ ᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠃ •ᠣ ᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ︱ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠯ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣ ᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦ ᠬᠦᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷᠳ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ •ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠪᠤ ᠷᠢ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠳᠠ ︱ ᠲᠡᠮᠳ ᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣ ᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭ ᠤᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠭᠠᠢᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠣᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠡ ᠦᠳ 1.ᠲᠡᠭᠷ ᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠨᠣ ᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷ ᠤ ᠬᠥ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠡᠢᠳᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ 2.ᠬᠡᠷ ᠪᠡ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠠ᠋ᠴ ᠠ ᠣ ᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠ ᠨ ᠵ ᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠣ ᠣᠷᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠬᠣ ᠣᠷᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠃ 3.ᠴᠢ ᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠣ ᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠄ ᠬᠤ ᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤ ᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷ ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠣ ᠭ ᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠳᠠ ᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤ ᠳᠠ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦ ᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ ᠮᠣ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠭᠠ ᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠭᠤᠯᠵ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦ ᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠭᠤ ᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠃ 4. ᠴᠢᠨᠤ ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠠᠶ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠣᠰ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠯ᠄ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠪᠰᠦ ᠠ᠋ᠴ ᠠ ᠠᠶ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠪᠰᠦ ᠬᠦ ᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠰᠳ ᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠠᠶ ᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠪᠡ ᠷ ᠬᠦ ᠷᠦᠭᠰ ᠡᠨ ᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠠ ᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 5.ᠴᠢ ᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠶ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠴᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠥᠰ ᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠪᠴ ᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠢ ᠳᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 6.ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴ ᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠤ ᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠳᠡᠭ᠃ 【 ᠬᠤ ᠷᠰᠢ ᠨ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤ ᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠨ ᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠶ ᠎ᠠ 】 ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮ ᠰᠢᠯ 1.ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠯᠳᠦ ︱ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠨᠢ ︱ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠭ ︱ ᠡᠭᠡᠭ ︱ ᠬᠣᠷᠰᠠ ︱ ᠪᠣᠣᠬᠠᠢ ︱ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠤᠬᠤ ︱ ᠭᠣᠳ ᠤᠯᠢ ︱ ᠭᠤᠨᠵᠢ ᠨ ︱ ᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︱ ᠵᠢᠰᠠᠵᠤ | ᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ︱ 2.ᠤ ᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠯ ᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠯᠳᠦ ︱ ᠰᠡᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠡᠨ ︱ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠨᠢ ︱ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠳᠠᠭ ︱ ᠡᠭᠡᠭ ︱ ᠬᠣᠷᠰᠠ ︱ ᠪᠣᠣᠬᠠᠢ ︱ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠤᠬᠤ ︱ ᠭᠣᠳ ᠤᠯᠢ ︱ ᠭᠤᠨᠵᠢ ᠨ ︱ ᠵᠢᠰᠠᠵᠤ | ᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ︱ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠳ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠰ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤ ᠰ ᠬᠣᠴᠢ ᠶᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴ ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠃ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠢ ᠶ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠ ᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃ . 【 ᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤ ᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠ ᠶ᠎ᠠ 】 ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣ ᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤ ᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠯ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1.ᠲᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠁ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠦ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠷ ᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠠ ᠷᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠭ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠰᠤ ᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 2.ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠠᠶ ᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠣ ᠴᠢᠬ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠴ ᠢᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ᠁ 3.ᠬᠡᠴᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠣ ᠨᠤᠭ ᠦᠯ ᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤ ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠭ ᠤ ᠭᠰᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠁ 4.ᠥᠯᠪᠡᠷᠴ ᠦ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠤ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠨ ᠰᠦ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠮ ᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥ ᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠯᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠴ ᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠤᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠳ ᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠃ 5.ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵ ᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷᠵ ᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠰ ᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠠ᠋ᠴ ᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠴᠥᠷᠬᠡ ᠯᠡᠭᠰ ᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠷᠢ ᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯ ᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠤᠤᠭ ᠠᠯ ᠲᠥᠷᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠃ 6. ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠦᠰᠦ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠳᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠃ 7. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠬᠥ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ︖ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠦ︖ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠬᠥ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠯ ᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠤ ᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠣ ᠷᠤᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰ ᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤ ᠯᠠ᠃ 1.ᠨᠣ ᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢ ᠭ ᠲᠣ ᠮᠤ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠣ ᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠥᠷ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 2.ᠲᠣ ᠯᠪᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠤ ᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶ ᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠵ ᠠᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ ᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ᠄ ︽ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠳ ᠡ ︕ ᠥᠯᠪᠡᠷᠴ ᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠭ ᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠳ ᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠰᠢ ᠦ ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡ ᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠤᠯᠵ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠃ 3.ᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠰᠦ ᠨ ᠴᠢ ᠨᠤ᠎ᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠭᠤ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠮ ᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ ? 4.ᠨᠤ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳ ᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠭᠰᠢ ᠨ ᠪᠣᠣ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠨ ᠪᠥ ᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠢ ᠭ ᠶ ᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠯᠡᠭᠰ ᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠰᠴ ᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠢᠳ ᠤ ᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠ ᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵ ᠤ ᠣ ᠴᠤᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠪᠠ ᠃ 5. ᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠨ ᠢᠳᠡ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠭᠠ ᠭᠴᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠮᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠵ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠤ ᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠡᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠨ ᠴᠢ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠦ ᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠥ ᠶ᠋ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠰᠢ ᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠥ ᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠨ ᠵ ᠢᠬᠤᠵ ᠤ ᠡᠴ ᠦᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠬᠤ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠦ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠦ᠂ ᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠁ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣ ᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤ ᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮ ᠠᠷ ᠰᠣ ᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠳ ᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ ︖ᠵ ᠣᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠥ ᠬᠥ ᠮᠦᠰ ᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠠᠳᠠ ᠨ ᠠᠮ ᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠠᠩᠨ ᠠᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠰᠢ ᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠦ ︖ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ ᠂ ᠵ ᠣᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠰ ᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠤ ᠩᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠪᠡ ︖ᠴᠢ ᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠥᠭᠰ ᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠣ ᠴᠤᠢᠵ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠰᠠᠵ ᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠨ ᠡᠴᠦ ᠰᠯᠡᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢ ᠨ ᠴᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠯᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠨ ᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠳᠦ ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣ ᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠮᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠬᠠ ᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠢᠨ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣ ᠷᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠢ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠮ ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠢᠷᠲ ᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠢ᠋ᠢ ᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠩᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠰᠠ ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ 【ᠲᠤ ᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠠᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠤ ᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠭᠳᠡᠯ 】