ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ .pptx

ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ---ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ 1᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ 2᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ᠍ᠯᠢᠭ᠌᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠦ᠋ᠬᠡᠨ 3᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ 4᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ᠂ ᠵᠡᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ,18 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠥᠪᠦᠩ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ,19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ,ᠨᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ,1᠂ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠯ 2᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ 3᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠬᠢᠷᠳᠤᠯ,ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ,ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ,ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠵᠢ,ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ,ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠄ 1᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠃ 2᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ 1᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ 2᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶ᠎ᠠTVA 3᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ 4᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ,,M ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠣᠭᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ᠄,1᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ᠄ A᠂ a B᠂ b C᠂ c D᠂ d,2᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠦ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ A᠂ a B᠂ b C᠂ c D᠂ d 3᠂ M ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ᠄ A᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ B᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ C᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ D᠂ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ,C,C,D,ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ,ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡ᠃ 1᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 2᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ᠃ 3᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡ᠃ 1᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ 2᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢ᠃ 3᠂ ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ: ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ : ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︖,︽ᠨᠢᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠰᠸᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ︾ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ᠃ 1᠂ ᠠᠰᠸᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ︖ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ︖ 2᠂ ᠠᠰᠸᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠤ︖ 3᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠥᠭᠦᠷᠦᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ᠃,,ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ 742 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ 1578 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠪᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠰᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ 1500 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1500-2000 ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ᠄︽ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃,1᠂ ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡ᠃ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠄ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠄ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠥᠭᠦᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ 2᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ᠄︽ᠨᠦᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︾ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ︽ᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠩᠵᠤᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 3᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡ᠃ ᠮᠣᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ,ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ,ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ,ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ,ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠ,ᠲᠧᠨᠧᠰᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ,ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ,ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ,,