选修1.11 ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ .pptx

ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ,ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ 1.ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 2.ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 3.ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ  1916~1999 ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠄  ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ   ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ   ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ   ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ   ᠠᠽᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ  ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ  ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠯᠡ ᠂ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂  ᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠥᠳᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃  ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ᠃,ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠷᠳᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ︱ ᠤᠯᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ︱ ᠵᠠᠯᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠢᠳᠠ︱ ᠠᠳᠠᠪᠠᠰᠢ︱ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ︱ ᠬᠡᠨᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ︱ ᠡᠯᠮᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ︱,ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠢᠷᠠᠳᠪᠠᠰᠤ,ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ,ᠵᠠᠯᠬᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠢᠳᠠᠩ,ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ,ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ,ᠵᠣᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠤᠷᠬᠦ,ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠮᠠᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠬᠡᠪᠠᠰᠤ︱ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠯᠬᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠢᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠤᠭᠳᠤ ᠣᠮᠳᠤᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ︱ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ︱,ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ  ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ  ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ  ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ  ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠯᠬᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠢᠳᠠᠩ᠂ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠭᠦᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃,ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃,ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ᠂ ᠮᠥᠴᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠴᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠ᠃ 1.ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ 2.ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ 3.ᠡᠪ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠯᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ 4.ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ 5.ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ,ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂,ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ᠃,ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠢ᠃,ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠩ ᠰᠠᠴᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃,ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠯᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠳᠭᠦᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃,,,,,,,ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ,ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ,ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ,ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠬᠤ,ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ,ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠯᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ,ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1.ᠡᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠪᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠳᠭᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡᠭᠳᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠥᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ 2.ᠬᠠᠷᠪᠤᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠳᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠷ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ 3.ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠰᠡᠪᠡ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠢᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠥᠭᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠦᠭᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ 4.ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠠᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠳᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠥᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ,ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃  ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ︽ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠾᠸ ᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ 2.ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠣᠴᠤᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠁ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ︽ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠢ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠳᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ︽ ᠦᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤᠢ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠦᠢ︾᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠥᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ᠂ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠌ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ︽ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠬᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠮᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠯᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠢᠯᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠤᠩᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠷᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠣᠨᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠴᠦ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃,