选修1.4 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ .pptx

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠦ᠊᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷ ,lixiulan, ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ 1. ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠣᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 2. ᠢᠯᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ 3. ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ , ᠤᠷᠠᠳ , ᠣᠷᠳᠤᠰ , ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳ , ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ , ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ , ᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ① ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠤ — ︵ᠵᠶᠢᠴᠠ︶ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠶᠠᠰᠤ — ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ — 5 ᠲᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤ — ︵ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ︶ ᠴᠢᠮᠬᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ — ᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ — ⑧ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ — , ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠤᠢᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ , ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠦ᠋ᠪᠴᠢ᠃ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠩ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠢ᠃ , ᠴᠢᠮᠬᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠬᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ , ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠳᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠃ ,② ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ③ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ④ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ⑤ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ⑥ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠤᠢ ⑦ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ⑧ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ⑨ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ︵ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶ , ᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠰᠦ — ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ — ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠬᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠃ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠵᠤ — ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠰᠬᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠭᠦᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ — ᠵᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠬᠡ — ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ︔ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠪᠬᠡ ᠡᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠤ — ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠢᠰᠢ ᠰᠦᠵᠤ — ︵sɔiʤ︶ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ︔ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠩᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠶᠠᠬᠤ︔ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ︔ ︵sʊiʤ︶ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠯᠢᠬᠤ︔ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ — ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ — ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠃ ᠱᠤᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ — ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠸ᠎ᠠ — ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠃ ᠤᠴᠢᠭ — ︵ʊʧig︶ ᠣᠶᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ︔ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠪᠢᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ︔ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠃ ᠣᠴᠤᠭ — ︵ɔʧig︶ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠢᠮ — ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠠᠯᠳᠠ᠃ , ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠶ᠎ᠡ᠃ ,1. ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡ , ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ᠂ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠢ᠃ ,2. ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ , ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦ᠃ ,3. ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ , ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ — ① ᠵᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠬᠤ ② ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ③ ᠪᠥᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠯ — ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ,4. ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ , ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ,5. ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ,6. ᠡᠪᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ,7. ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠤ ᠵᠶᠢᠴᠠ ,8. ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ,9. ᠴᠢᠮᠬᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ,10. ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠤ ,,11. ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠢ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ,12. ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ , ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠢᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ , ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠸ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠢᠳᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯ᠃ , ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ 1. ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ︾᠂ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ︾ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠬᠦᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ , ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ — ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠢᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠰᠡᠨᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠰᠬᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ , ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ — ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠬᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ,2. ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠮᠵᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠰᠢᠭᠦᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠠ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢ᠊ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠴᠤᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡ᠊ ᠰᠢᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠵᠤ ᠡᠩᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠬᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢ᠊ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠪᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ , ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠤᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦ᠋ᠴᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ , ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠯ᠃ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠨᠥᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠶᠢᠰᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ , ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠠᠴᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠮᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠨᠢᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ︔ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠬᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ︔ ᠪᠡᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ᠃ , ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠤᠩ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠃ , ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ᠃ , ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠷᠯᠡᠯ᠃ ,2. ᠲᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷᠡᠢ᠃ ︵100 ᠦᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ︶ ,