ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠳᠡ .pdf

ᠬᠢᠴᠢ ᠶᠡᠯ ᠵ ᠢᠨᠨ ᠪᠠᠳ᠋ᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠵ ᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠸ· ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴ ᠠᠯᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯ ᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠭ ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪ ᠡᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠬ ᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠡ ᠭᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠳ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠮᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭ ᠡᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠷ ᠰᠢ ᠡᠭᠭᠡᠭ ᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷ ᠭ ᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠ ᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ ᠃ ᠠᠡᠭᠬ ᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠢᠠ ᠨ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬ ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭ ᠠ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠳ ᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠡᠭᠬ ᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ ᠠᠪᠴ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ ᠃ 1. ᠴᠠᠭ ᠳᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳ᠋ᠤᠳᠬ ᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠭ ᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠤᠶᠢ ᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠠ ᠭ ᠪᠦ ᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡ ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭ ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠠᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠭ ᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳ᠋ ᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠢᠡᠭᠭᠢ ᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠮ ᠠ ᠶᠤᠰ ᠤ ᠳᠠ ᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠷ ᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠰᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠬᠢ ᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ ᠥ ᠬᠦ ᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠷ ᠠ ᠳ᠋ ᠦᠡᠭ ᠨ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠨ ᠠ ᠃ 2. ᠰ ᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳ ᠠᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮ ᠵᠢᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠ ᠯ ᠶᠤᠰ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠭ ᠠᠨ ᠳ ᠠᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦ ᠬᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠬᠡᠳ ᠠᠪ ᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠳᠤᠤᠷ ᠠ ᠪᠦ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡ ᠮᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳᠠ ᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠢᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳ᠋ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠪ ᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠪ ᠯ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠ ᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠢᠬ ᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠷᠡ ᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯ ᠠᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠢᠳ᠋ ᠡᠪᠬᠢ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬ ᠦ ᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠪ ᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠶᠤᠨ ᠰ ᠠᠨᠠᠭ ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠤᠷ ᠢᠭ ᠢᠢᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠳ᠋ᠡ ᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬ ᠤ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠭᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠬ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳ᠋ ᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠳ᠋ ᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠡ ᠮᠤᠨ ᠠ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠯᠬ ᠤᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠨ ᠰᠦᠪ ᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠯᠬ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨ ᠳᠡ ᠬᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠳᠡᠮᠳ᠋ ᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳᠡ ᠷᠡ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠪᠠ ᠯ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠃ 3. ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠠ ᠠᠪᠴ ᠤ ᠮᠧ ᠬᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳ ᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠳ ᠠᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠬ ᠤ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶ ᠡᠬᠦ ᠬ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳ᠋ ᠡᠢ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠳ᠋ ᠠᠢ ᠠᠷ ᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠷ ᠮᠧ ᠬᠠᠨᠢ ᠭ ᠢᠢᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠯᠬᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠵᠡ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠡ ᠶ ᠠ ᠰᠡ ᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠢᠢᠠ ᠨ ᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮ ᠤ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠬᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠡ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠠ ᠰᠢ ᠨ ᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ᠡᠭ ᠡ ᠵᠠᠡ ᠭᠭᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠰᠢᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴ ᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠪ ᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡᠳ᠋ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠠᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳ᠋ ᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠂ ᠰ ᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠪᠴ ᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠠ ᠱᠠᠭᠠ ᠷᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠭ ᠠ ᠳᠠ ᠯᠪᠢᠵ ᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳ᠋ ᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪ ᠡᠷᠢ ᠢᠢ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠨ ᠳᠠ ᠯ ᠠ ᠡᠴ ᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠦ ᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷ ᠭ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳ᠋ᠤᠳᠬ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠨ ᠰ ᠠᠭᠤᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠠ ᠠᠰ ᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳ᠋ ᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳ᠋ ᠠᠨ ᠠ ᠃ 4. ᠡᠯ ᠠ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡ ᠪᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳ᠋ ᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠬᠤᠶ ᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠡ ᠷ ᠢ ᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠪ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ ᠠᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠰ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ ᠧᠷᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬ ᠠᠮᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠬᠡᠵ ᠦ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠳ᠋ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠷ ᠵᠡ ᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠦᠯᠰᠢᠬ ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳᠤ ᠰ ᠳ ᠤᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭ ᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠯ ᠠ ᠢᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠮᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ ᠃ 5. ᠳ ᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠨ ᠤᠡᠭᠰ ᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠴᠡᠬ ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ ᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳ᠋ ᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠨ ᠳ ᠠᠪᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤᠡ ᠭᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠ ᠨ ᠪ ᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠡᠭᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪ ᠤᠭᠳ᠋ ᠠᠯ ᠪᠦ ᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧ ᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠢ ᠨ ᠠ ᠬᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠤᠰᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠴᠡᠬ ᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠳ᠋ ᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠦ ᠷ ᠠ ᠳ᠋ ᠦᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨ ᠡᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬ ᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃