ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠵᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ .pdf ﹇ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ﹈

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠄ ᠯᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ 3 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠲ᠊ ᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠢᠬᠦᠯᠦ ᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠯ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯ\s

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠄ ᠯᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ 3 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠢᠢ ᠨ᠊ ᠲ᠊ ᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠦᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠠᠬᠦ ᠲ᠊ ᠠᠰᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠦ ᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠄ ᠯᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ 3 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳ ᠪᠤᠷᠯᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠪᠤ ‍ᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠦ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ 1 ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠮ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ 2 ᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠯ᠊ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠤᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠄ ᠯᠢ ᠰ᠊ ᠢᠦ ᠯᠠ ᠨ᠊ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠤ 3 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠭᠡ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ\sᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢᠢᠠ ᠷ᠊ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠪ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠ ᠢᠴᠢ ᠯᠡᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠨ ᠨᠠ ᠢ᠍ᠮᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠮ ᠤᠴᠤᠤ ᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯ ᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠯ ᠲ ᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶ ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠠᠢ ᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠦ ᠳ ᠡ᠄ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠤ ︖ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭ ᠤᠴᠠᠭ ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴ ᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢ ᠨᠴᠦ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ ᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠢ ᠨᠭᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠮ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ ᠢᠨ ᠵ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠪᠠᠭᠰ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠵ ᠣᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠥᠷᠯᠦ ᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠢ ᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠎ᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠳ ᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴ ᠦ ᠳᠣᠷᠤ ᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠯ ᠥᠩ ᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠶ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠢᠬᠦ ᠯᠬᠦ ᠶ ᠢ ᠮ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠎ᠡ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠮ ᠣᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠵᠢ ᠭ ᠮ ᠥᠴᠢ ᠷ ᠪᠠᠢ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠵᠥᠪ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭ᠊ ᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠦᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠯᠦᠭᠰ ᠠ ᠪᠤ ᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷ ᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰ᠊ ᠤᠩᠭᠤ ᠬᠤ ᠰ᠊ ᠡᠳᠦᠪ ⑴ ︵2002 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠲ᠊ ᠠᠱᠢᠶ ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠭ᠊ ᠡ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠢ ᠦᠭ ᠡᠰ ᠤ ᠨ᠊ ᠪᠦ ᠯᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ᠄ ︵︶ A ᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬ᠊ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴ ᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠡ B ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠲ ᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲ᠊ ᠤ᠊ ᠪᠡ ᠨ᠊᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠴ ᠢᠬᠰᠠᠨ C ᠰᠣᠷᠤᠮᠠ ᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠢᠷᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠱᠢᠭ D ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨᠪᠠ ᠯ᠊ ⑵ ︵2 00 3 ᠣ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤ ᠯ ᠮᠣ ᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣ ᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠ ᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠯᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠫᠢᠩ ᠨᠥᠬᠦ ᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠭᠰ ᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭ ᠤᠯ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢ ᠭ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠣᠬᠤᠮ ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠯᠠ︖ ᠮᠣᠩᠭ ᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨ ᠮ ᠣᠷᠢ ᠥᠨ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠤ ᠪᠢ ᠰᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭ ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠ ᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠳ ᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶ ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠢ ᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠴ ᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠷᠪᠢᠯᠢ ᠭ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠠ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ 悸୷ጘߎ悸ߎߎጘߎ䇅ጘߎߎጘƉߎߎ 腠୷ߎጘߎ悸୷ጘߎ悸ߎߎጘߎ䇅ALISTጘ悸Iጘ 悸ߎ䇅悸୷ጘI䇅㌳䁓Ɖ䀀ȞጘɁߎጘ悸Ŭ୷ߎߎߎSጘSጘߎ ߎߎSȞ腠ጘSTSߎ䇅ߎ䀀䇅ALIST ߎ悸ߎߎS䁓ጘጘ㌳ߎߎߎƉITƉߎ䇅ߎጘߎߎSTS䀀悸ȞጘȞ A䁓ጘȞ㌳Tጘ腠୷Sߎጘ悸ጘ悸Ŭ䇅SIߎ䀀ߎ ߎ䀀䇅Ɖߎ䇅AT୷ߎጘߎߎߎ䇅Ƅߎߎ ߎIߎȞߎ悸ߎߎߎSLጘጘߎ䇅

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ᠠᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠪᠠᠯ ︾ᠠᠮᠳ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠮᠵ ᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠪᠠᠯ ︾ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ ᠮᠤ ᠨᠭᠭᠤ ᠯ ᠤ ᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯ ᠤ ᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠨᠭ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠ ᠴᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨᠳ ᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨ ᠪᠣᠴᠢ ᠭᠰᠡᠨ ︽ᠡᠷᠬᠢ ᠯᠡᠭᠰ ᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ ᠯ ᠳ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠵ ᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤ ᠶ᠎ᠠ ︾ᠭᠡᠰ ᠡᠨ ᠵ ᠤᠬᠢᠶ ᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤ ᠨᠭᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠳ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠬᠠ ᠢ ᠰ ᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠠ ᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰ ᠤᠨᠭᠭᠤ ᠯᠳᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠡ ᠬᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢ ᠷᠮᠠᠢ ᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠠ

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄  〈ｰઑ쭸 〉䇆�ઌ䇆�ઌ䇆Ƿｰ䇆 �ઑ䇆ઑ�ઌƉ�Ƌઌઌ䇆䇆ઑ�ઌ䇆ｰ䇆ｰ ઑ쭸�ઑ䇆�䇆䇆ｰǷ䇆ઑｰઑŤ�ઑ ઌઌȄઌ䇆䇆쭸ȄƝ�䇆ŴȄ��쭸Ŵｰઑ쭸Ŵ Ȅઌ䇆ઑｰ�䇆Ŵઌઌઌ쭸䇆쭸 ｰȄƝƝ�ŽŴ ｰȄƝƝ�ŽŴ�ƝƝ�Ž�ȄƝƝ�Žઌ䇆�ઑ쭸�ઑ䇆 䇆ઑｰઑŤઌ䇆Ƌｰઑ쭸�ઑ��ઑ䇆

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ,,, ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠲᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠯᠳᠦᠷᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠮᠦᠭ , ᠥᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠣᠭ᠍ᠶᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠰᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠦ , ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠠᠮ , ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ , ᠡᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ,

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ︵ ︶

ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠄ ⒈ ︵ ︶ A